Stock

Di bidang keuangan, stock terdiri dari semua stock yang membagi kepemilikan korporasi atau perusahaan. Satu bagian dari stock berarti kepemilikan fraksional dari korporasi sebanding dengan jumlah stock amount.

Hal ini biasanya memberi hak kepada pemegang stock atas sebagian kecil dari pendapatan perusahaan, hasil dari asset liquidation, atau hak suara, seringkali membaginya secara proporsional dengan jumlah uang yang diinvestasikan oleh masing-masing pemegang stock.

Tidak semua stock harus sama, karena stock series tertentu dapat diterbitkan misalnya tanpa hak suara, dengan hak suara yang dapat ditingkatkan, atau dengan prioritas tertentu untuk menerima keuntungan atau hasil liquidation sebelum atau setelah series pemegang stock lainnya.

Stock dapat dibeli dan dijual kembali secara pribadi atau di bursa stock, dan stock transactions semacam itu biasanya diatur secara ketat oleh aturan pemerintah untuk mencegah penipuan, melindungi investors, dan menguntungkan ekonomi.

Synonyms:

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Stock, in finance and investing, refers to a share in the ownership of a company. When individuals or institutions purchase stocks, they are essentially buying ownership or equity in the company. Here are some key points about stocks:

1. Ownership: Stocks represent ownership stakes in a company. Each stockholder, or shareholder, owns a proportionate share of the company's assets and earnings.

2. Types of Stocks:

   • Common Stocks: These give shareholders voting rights in company decisions and potential dividends (profits distributed to shareholders).
   • Preferred Stocks: These usually do not provide voting rights but offer priority in receiving dividends and liquidation proceeds.

3. Buying and Selling: Stocks are bought and sold on stock exchanges or over-the-counter markets. The price of a stock fluctuates based on supply and demand, company performance, economic factors, and investor sentiment.

4. Stock Exchanges: Stocks are traded on stock exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), NASDAQ, London Stock Exchange (LSE), Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE), and others. Exchanges provide a platform where buyers and sellers can trade stocks.

5. Investment: Many individuals and institutions invest in stocks as a way to potentially earn capital gains (profits from selling stocks at a higher price than purchased) and dividends. Stocks are a key component of investment portfolios, offering opportunities for long-term growth and income.

6. Risk and Return: Investing in stocks involves risk, including the risk of loss of capital if the company performs poorly or the market declines. However, stocks historically offer higher potential returns compared to other investment types over the long term.

7. Market Capitalization: The value of a company's outstanding shares is called its market capitalization, which is calculated by multiplying the stock price by the number of outstanding shares. Companies are categorized by market cap as large-cap, mid-cap, or small-cap.

8. Stock Indices: Stock indices, such as the S&P 500, Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), and FTSE 100, track the performance of a group of stocks and serve as benchmarks for the overall stock market.

Stocks play a vital role in the economy by facilitating capital formation, allowing companies to raise funds for growth and expansion, and providing individuals with opportunities to participate in economic prosperity through ownership in successful enterprises.